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The Egyptian Museum, also known as the Cairo Museum, is home to a comprehensive collection of Egyptian antiquities. It is the most ancient museum in the Middle East. The museum is located on the northern side of Tahrir Square. The Egyptian Museum was designed by French architect Marcel Dourgnon. The construction of the museum was done by the Italian company Garozzo-Zaffarani. The Cairo Museum was officially inaugurated in 1902 by Khedive Abbas Helmy II.
The Egyptian Museum houses more than 170,000 artefacts from different periods of Egypt. The golden mask of Tutankhamun is the most famous item in the museum. The Egyptian government has started transferring some of the Egyptian Museum's collections to the Grand Egyptian Museum in Giza, which is planned to be inaugurated in 2024.